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Objective:To analyze the characteristics of laboratory test results and multimorbidities in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and thus to provide a basis for the treatment of RA in the elderly.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on RA patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2018 to December 2020.Patients were divided into an elderly RA(ERA)group(≥60 years)and a non-elderly RA(NERA)group(<60 years).The prevalences of multimorbidities and laboratory results were compared between the two groups, and influencing factors of multimorbidities in ERA patients were analyzed by using binary Logistic regression.Results:There were 215 patients in this cohort, of whom 156 patients were in the ERA group and 59 patients were in the NERA group.The prevalences of comorbid hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease(CHD)and interstitial lung disease in the ERA group were higher than those in the NERA group( χ2=19.890, 6.977, 5.964, 7.484, all P<0.05).The disease duration in the ERA group was longer than that in the NERA group[117.5(36.0, 240.0)months vs.72.0(10.5, 123.5)months, Z=3.142, P=0.002], and the levels of serum C-reactive protein(CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), urea, creatinine and cystatin C were higher than those in NERA group[9.7(3.2, 24.8)mg/L vs.3.1(3.0, 8.3)mg/L, 31.0(13.0, 53.3)mm/h vs.17.0(11.0, 31.5)mm/h, (5.38±1.54)mmol/L vs.(4.75±1.46)mmol/L, (63.82±15.33)μmol/L vs.(57.31±11.38)μmol/L, (1.23±0.42)mg/L vs.(0.90±0.23)mg/L]( Z=4.275, 2.770, t=2.714, 2.966, 5.714, all P<0.05).The levels of serum magnesium, albumin and hemoglobin were lower than those in the NERA group[(0.84±0.08)mmol/L vs.(0.86±0.06)mmol/L, (37.46±5.32)g/L vs.(40.77±4.95)g/L, (114.52±18.06)g/L vs.(124.32±16.40)g/L]( t=2.653, 4.147, 3.648, all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the level of serum CRP in the ERA group was negatively correlated with serum albumin and magnesium( r=-0.449, -0.329, all P<0.05).Uric acid was positively correlated with rheumatoid factor(RF), cystatin C, urea, age and disease duration( r=0.259, 0.416, 0.210, 0.232, 0.179, all P<0.05), but negatively correlated with hemoglobin and magnesium( r=-0.262, -0.207, all P<0.05).RF was positively correlated with uric acid, urea, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, the 28-joint Disease Activity Score(DAS28 score), age and disease duration( r=0.259, 0.177, 0.205, 0.234, 0.248, 0.225, 0.211, all P<0.05), but negatively correlated with albumin and hemoglobin( r=-0.301, -0.182, all P<0.05).Serum magnesium was negatively correlated with CRP, ESR, urea, uric acid and cystatin C( r=-0.273, -0.192, -0.175, -0.207, -0.315, all P<0.05).These correlations were not found in the NERA group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that factors affecting hypertension in ERA patients were age, RF and albumin.Influencing factors of CHD were age, disease duration, serum magnesium and triglycerides.Factors that affect interstitial lung disease were RF, DAS28 score and albumin. Conclusions:Compared with NERA patients, ERA patients show an elevated level of systemic inflammation and poorer nutrition assessed by relevant parameters.CRP, RF and uric acid have complex correlations with serum magnesium, hemoglobin, and albumin.ERA patients have higher prevalences of multimorbidities.Age, disease duration, RF, triglycerides, DAS28 score, serum magnesium and albumin affect the occurrence of multimorbidities in ERA patients.
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During the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) pandemic from 2020 to 2021, lung transplantation entered a new stage of development worldwide. Globally, more than 70 000 cases of lung transplantation have been reported to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). With the development of medical techniques over time, the characteristics of lung transplant donors and recipients and the indications of pediatric lung transplantation recipients have undergone significant changes. Application of lung transplantation in the treatment of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has also captivated worldwide attention. Along with persistent development of lung transplantation, it will be integrated with more novel techniques to make breakthroughs in the fields of artificial lung and xenotransplantation. In this article, research progresses on the characteristics of lung transplant donors and recipients around the world were reviewed and the development trend was predicted, enabling patients with end-stage lung disease to obtain more benefits from the development of lung transplantation technique.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of interleukin (IL)-10 on donor lung function after ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) in rats of cardiac death. Methods Twenty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into the simple perfusion group (group A, n=10) and modified perfusion group (group B, n=10). Perfusate A (without IL-10) and perfusate B (supplemented with IL-10) was administered in group A and B, respectively. The EVLP rat models of cardiac death were established. The appearance of donor lung, dry-to-wet (D/W) ratio of donor lung tissues, the function and metabolism of donor lung, the morphology of donor lung and the levels of inflammatory markers of donor lung were statistically compared between two groups. Results After perfusion, evident edema of the whole donor lung, poor compliance and a large amount of edema fluid discharged from the airway were observed in group A, whereas no obvious edema and good compliance were found in group B. Compared with group A, the D/W ratio of lung tissues in group B was higher (P < 0.05). In both groups, the pulmonary vein partial pressure of oxygen reached the peak at 2 h after perfusion, which did not significantly differ between two groups (P > 0.05). In group B, the pulmonary artery pressure was increased at a lower speed and significantly lower after perfusion, and the lactic acid level in the perfusate was significantly lower than those in group A (all P < 0.05). In group A, the alveolar structure was largely destroyed and the cells was rare. In group B, the alveolar structure was relatively normal without evident cell edema. The incidence of cell apoptosis of donor lung was high in group A, whereas no obvious cell apoptosis of donor lung was noted in group B. After perfusion for 4 h, the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and IL-6 were significantly increased, the IL-4 levels were remarkably decreased (all P < 0.05), but the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) did not significantly change in both groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions IL-10 may improve the function of donor lung after EVLP in rat of cardiac death by reducing cell apoptosis.
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Objective To study the effects of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction on phagocytic function of macrophages and antibody forming cell in mice.Methods The extract carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction,forty five mice were divided into the control group and low and high dose groups of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction by random number table method,15 mices in each group.The low-dose and high-dose groups of carpesium abrotanoides petroleum ether fraction were given 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively by gavage for 10 days.The spleen weight,growth index,the phagocytosis of macrophages and the number of antibody-forming cells in peritoneal macrophages of mice were detected by chicken erythrocyte phagocytosis test and hemolytic plaque test.Results Compared with the control group,the spleen weight (192.4 ± 11.49 mg,204.6 4 10.59 mg vs.117.6 ± 10.89 mg),the growth index (6.04 ± 0.54,6.06 ± 0.40 vs.3.89 ± 0.14),antibody forming (1 216.4 ± 94.1,1 548.8 ± 86.4 vs.361.0 ± 11.7),phagocytosis percentage of macrophages (58.60％ ± 2.60％,72.0％ ± 3.08％ vs.35.49％ ± 1.64％),and Phagocytosis index (2.01 ± 0.10,2.69 ± 0.15 vs.0.37 ± 0.06) of the groups of low doses and high doses of Carpesium abrotanoides Petroleum ether fraction significantly increased (P＜0.05).Conclusions The low doses and high doses of Carpesium abrotanoides Petroleum ether fraction can enhance the mice's specific and nonspecific immune function,and protect the immune system of mice.